The trail of the Memoriale includes many of the localities which were involved in the violent massacre occurred in 1944, as well as many places reminding of the fight for Liberation. This itinerary represents the main core, the heart of the Parco Storico di Monte Sole.
During World War II 955 people were killed by Nazis in the three villages of Marzabotto, Monzuno and Grizzana which now constitute the park's territory. The whole community that inhabited these mountains for centuries was destroyed. Most of the murders occurred on September, 29 and on October, 5 in 1944, two days during which 770 people died and that now are known as the "Giornate dell’Eccidio di Marzabotto". Other violent facts occurred during the previous and the following period.